Free Windows Help Tutorials sponsored by inkjet printer cartridges dot org /title> <META HTTP-EQUIV="imagetoolbar" CONTENT="no"> <META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; CHARSET=ISO 8859-1"> <META name="description" Content="Hundreds of downloadable Windows help tutorials, articles and how-to guides sponsored by inkjet printer cartridges dot org."><style type="text/css">  </style> </head> <body bgcolor=#999999 vlink=blue link=blue> <span name = "INTRA" class="pg" style="top:0px; left:5px; width:714px; height:1010px"></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:0px; left:5px; height:1010px; width:714px' class='img'> <img src="pg0002im.png" height = "1010 width = "714" border="0"> </span> <span class='nav' style='left: 10px; top: 10px'><pre></pre></span><span name = "INTRA" style='top:51px; left:48px' class="ft3"><pre><font face='Helvetica'>End User Support:Programming</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:204px; left:77px' class="ft0"><pre><font face='Arial'><i><b>Manuals</b></i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:203px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>(1998) book, The Invisible Computer , a</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:203px; left:480px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>So it all comes back to figuring out</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:215px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>lot of the time all they've done is put a</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:215px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>how to develop programs that make</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:226px; left:91px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Around the same time as Norman's</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:227px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>pretty face on complexity and diffi </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:227px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>things clear for what may be a dispa </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:238px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>book was published, John Carroll, then</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:239px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>culty. If anything, what's happened is</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:239px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>rate group of users with different</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:250px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>an HCI specialist working at IBM's</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:251px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>that the prettier interface has allowed</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:251px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>needs. In the real world, such issues are</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:262px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Watson research lab, experimented</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:263px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>manufacturers to make programs</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:263px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>often dealt with by redundancy that</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:274px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>with designing manuals for new users.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:275px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>more difficult without alarming peo </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:275px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>is, expressing the same information in</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:286px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>You do not, he argued, need to read a</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:287px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ple as much. This is why we now have</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:287px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>multiple ways.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:298px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>manual in order to play a computer</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:299px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>to live with animated paperclips.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:299px; left:480px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Consider the signs that tell pedestri </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:310px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>game, even though the game may be</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:311px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ans when it's safe for them to cross the</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:322px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>extremely complex. Why shouldn't it</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:325px; left:272px' class="ft0"><pre><font face='Arial'><i><b>Speech</b></i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:323px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>street. These use colour, position,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:334px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>be possible to design business software</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:335px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>blinking and sound to convey the same</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:346px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>to be as easy to grapple with as a game?</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:347px; left:286px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Just as in 1990, when graphical in </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:347px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>simple message. For most people, red</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:358px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>After all, no matter how complex the</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:359px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>terfaces were supposed to be the solu </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:359px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>culturally means stop and green</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:370px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>game is, the instructions typically take</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:371px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>tion to it all, this year the solution to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:371px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>means go, but colour blind individuals</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:382px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>up only a screen or two of large text,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:383px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>making computers more human seems</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:383px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>can still get their cues from the blinking</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:394px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>and most players figure things out as</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:395px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>to be speech technology. If, the think </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:395px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>and positioning, and visually im </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:406px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>they go along with little trouble. Even</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:408px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ing seems to go, computers can under </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:408px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>paired people hear the sounds.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:418px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the cheat sheet for a game as compli </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:420px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>stand and synthesise natural speech,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:420px; left:480px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Cues in computer interfaces tend to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:430px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>cated as Quake only takes up a couple</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:432px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>they will become more human. Some</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:432px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>be more subtle and, worse for new </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:442px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>of pages. Accordingly, in a time when</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:444px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>speech products have seemed to prom </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:444px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>comers, tend to rely on the user's fa </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:454px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>software was accompanied by massive</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:456px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ise this, such as Lernout and Hauspie's</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:456px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>miliarity with computer culture as it's</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:466px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>manuals, Carroll experimented with</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:468px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>software that integrates into Microsoft</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:468px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>developed over the last two decades.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:478px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>developing a series of no more than 20</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:480px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Office. This package lets you tell the</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:480px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Examples might be the change of the</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:490px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>cards that would hold all the informa </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:492px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>software what you want it to do (such</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:492px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>shape of the cursor in a DTP program</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:502px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>tion a user needed to get started.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:504px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>as make this paragraph bold ) with </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:504px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>when you switch from layout (arrow)</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:514px; left:91px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Games were also the focus of an</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:516px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>out having to know where in the soft </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:516px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>to text editing (I beam) or on a Web site</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:526px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>essay by designer Chris Crawford,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:528px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ware's menu system the options are.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:528px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>to indicate a live link as opposed to an</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:538px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>published in Brenda Laurel's 1990</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:540px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>But it's equally possible that what</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:540px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>underlined piece of text. Drawing on</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:550px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>book The Art of Human Computer In </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:552px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>speech will give us is many more rigid,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:552px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the traffic light example, it's possible to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:563px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>terface Design . Games, Crawford ar </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:564px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>voice automated menu systems. The</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:564px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>think of ways to use multimedia to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:575px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>gued, are the toughest interfaces to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:576px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>same applies to virtual reality, also</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:576px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>enhance those cues. Error messages</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:587px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>invent, as users feel free to stop playing</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:588px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>proposed as a way to make the experi </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:588px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>signalled with both sound and an on </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:599px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the game if they don't like it. Many</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:600px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ence of using a computer more life </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:600px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>screen sign already do that.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:611px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>innovations such as scrolling win </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:612px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>like. Do you really want to have to do</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:612px; left:480px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>As a side note, sometimes ease of</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:623px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>dows, joysticks, trackballs and point </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:624px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the on screen equivalent of pawing</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:624px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>use depends on having the right equip </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:635px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>and click interfaces had their first</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:636px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>through a six foot file of papers to find</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:636px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ment for a job or writing for the equip </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:647px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>showing in games software long be </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:648px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>a document?</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:648px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ment the user will have available. Your</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:659px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>fore the Mac.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:660px; left:286px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>A similar problem is beginning to</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:660px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>new Web site may look wonderful</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:671px; left:91px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Users need the computer to re </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:672px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>arise with the next big thing that's sup </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:672px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>when the designer shows it off to you</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:683px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>spond instantly whether they're play </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:684px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>posed to solve all our problems,</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:684px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>on a 26 inch monitor over a T1 line, but</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:695px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ing games or writing a letter; sound</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:696px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>namely agents, and a real split is open </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:696px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>take another look over your own dial </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:707px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>cues are more problematic, since they</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:708px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ing up in some circles about whether</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:708px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>up 14,400 bps connection on a 14 inch</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:719px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>can be used to give hints in games</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:720px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the future of software should be intel </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:720px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>monitor (still the most common setup</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:731px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>where they might simply be annoying</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:732px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>ligent agents that do research and ne </font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:732px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>out there).</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:743px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>in office software (the only thing worse</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:744px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>gotiate scheduling on our behalf, or</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:744px; left:480px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Understanding the audience and its</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:755px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>than an animated paperclip would be</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:756px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>whether we're better off with small</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:756px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>constraints is a mainstay of every other</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:767px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>a talking animated paperclip).</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:768px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>scraps of unintelligent software that</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:768px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>industry: lack of space in the typical</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:780px; left:272px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>behave predictably.</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:780px; left:466px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>home is why British refrigerators are</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:793px; left:77px' class="ft0"><pre><font face='Arial'><i><b>Improvements</b></i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:815px; left:91px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Things have improved somewhat</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:827px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>since these researchers did their early</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:825px; left:294px' class="ft2"><pre><font face='Arial'><i> The</i> <i>computer</i> <i>industry</i> <i>has</i> <i>a</i> <i>unique</i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:839px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>work, even though poor design costs</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:851px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>the computer industry large sums of</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:849px; left:287px' class="ft2"><pre><font face='Arial'><i>ability</i> <i>to</i> <i>ignore</i> <i>everything</i> <i>that</i> <i>anyone</i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:863px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>money in technical support calls and</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:875px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>customer ill will. Graphical interfaces</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:873px; left:274px' class="ft2"><pre><font face='Arial'><i>else</i> <i>has</i> <i>ever</i> <i>invented</i> <i>and</i> <i>start</i> <i>from</i> <i>scratch. </i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:887px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>have made some things easier but, as</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:899px; left:77px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Norman points out in his most recent</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:946px; left:52px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>File: E0525.2</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:946px; left:497px' class="ft1"><pre><font face='Arial'>Update 121 (November 1998) page 20</font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:944px; left:264px' class="ft2"><pre><font face='Arial'><i>PC</i> <i>Support</i> <i>Advisor</i></font></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" class='nav' style='left: 357px; top: 1010px'><pre><a href='page0001.htm'><</a> Next page <a href='page0001.htm'>></a></pre></span> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:1050px; left:50px' class="ft4"><pre><b><font color="#FF0000" size="3" face="Arial">New!</font><font color="#FF0000" size="3" face="Arial Narrow"> </font><font size="2" face="Arial">The best sites for quality <a href="http://www.inkjet-printer-cartridges.org">inkjet printer cartridges</a> and the best sites for <a href="http://www.cheap-inkjet-cartridges.com">cheap inkjet cartridges</a></font></b></pre></span></body> <span name = "INTRA" style='top:1100px; left:300px' class="ft4"><pre><b><font color="#FF0000" size="3" face="Arial"><a href="../index.html">Windows Help Desk Home</a> </font></b></pre></span></body></html>